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Collaborative editing is the practice of groups producing works together through individual contributions. Effective choices in group awareness, participation, and coordination are critical to successful collaborative writing outcomes.〔Lowry, Paul Benjamin, Aaron Mosiah Curtis and Michelle Rene Lowry. ( "A Taxonomy of Collaborative Writing to Improve Empirical Research, Writing Practice, and Tool Development," ) ''Journal of Business Communication'' (JBC), Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 66-99, 2004.〕 ==Overview== Collaborative writing is writing done by more than one person; they may discuss what they are going to write before they start, and discuss what they have written after they finish each draft they write.〔Dillon A. How Collaborative is Collaborative Writing? An Analysis of the Production of Two Technical Reports., pages 69--86. Springer-Verlag, London, 1993.〕 The writing might be organized by dividing the writing into sub-tasks assigned to each group member, with the first part of the tasks done before the next parts, or they might work together on each task.〔Sharple M. Adding a Little Structure to Collaborative Writing. Structure in what way. Springer-Verlag, London, 1992.〕〔Rimmershaw R. Collaborative Writing Practices and Writing Support Technologies, pages 15--28. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1992.〕 The writing is planned, written, and revised, and more than one person is involved in at least one of those steps.〔Ede L. and Lunsford A. Singular Text/Plural Authors: Perspectives on Collaborative Authoring. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale, 1990.〕 Usually, discussions about the document's structure and context involve the entire group.〔Beck E.D. A Survey of Experiences of Collaborative Writing, pages 87--112. Springer-Verlag, London, 1993.〕 Most usually it is applied to textual documents or programmatic source code. Such asynchronous (non-simultaneous) contributions are very efficient in time, as group members need not assemble in order to work together. Generally, managing such work requires software;〔Kuutti, Kari ''et al.'' (2003). ( ''ECSCW 2003: proceedings of the Eighth European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work,'' p. 315. )〕 the most common tools for editing documents are wikis, and those for programming, version control systems. Most word processors are also capable of recording changes; this allows editors to work on the same document while automatically clearly labeling who contributed what changes. New writing environments such as Google Docs provide collaborative writing/editing functionalities with revision control, synchronous/asynchronous editing. Wikipedia is an example of a collaborative editing project on a large scale, which can be both good and bad, because of the large contributions by the public, Wikipedia has one of the widest ranges of material in the world. Unfortunately, this also leads to online 'graffiti', in which members of the public can submit incorrect information or random rubbish. Collaborative writing can lead to projects that are richer and more complex than those produced by individuals. Many learning communities include one or more collaborative assignments. However, writing with others also makes the writing task more complex. There is increasing amount of research literature investigating how collaborative writing can improve learning experiences.〔R.A Calvo and S.T O’Rourke and J. Jones and K. Yacef and P. Reimann. (2011) "Collaborative Writing Support Tools on the Cloud" IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies". 4 (1) pp. 88-97. DOI=http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/TLT.2010.43〕 Correct access management systems can prevent duplicated information. Access management systems require access to a server, often online.〔http://worldsci.net/paradox.pdf〕 Online collaboration can be more difficult due to issues such as time zones. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Collaborative editing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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